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Author Topic: Battle of Azincourt
mordred
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posted 08-01-2005 02:15 PM     Profile for mordred     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
During this battle, french knights were slaughtered by english longbowmen.
On one side, about 6000 ordinary footsoldiers with longbow, sword and mace
On the other side, about 10 000 heavy armored knights with full plate armor with lance, swords.

How is it possible for ordinary footsoldier to defeat a knight army?
How can they pierce plate armor to kill knights?

Thanks for your answers


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Peter Lyon
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posted 08-01-2005 03:03 PM     Profile for Peter Lyon   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
It is possible when the English are allowed to pick ground that confines the French, and is sodden with rain so the French churn it to deep mud as they advance. It helps even more when the French knights are arrogant and stupid, pushing the crossbowmen (their only effective long-range answer to the English longbowmen) to the side where they can't see anything, leaving behind some of their armour (like visors and horse armour) to get to the English faster, and ignore basic military discipline like listening to their commanders.

The cherry on top comes from charging into a narrowing front between two forests so your knights are squeezed together and have to slow down, making perfect target practise. Repeat endlessly and stupidly until the ground is a quagmire, and knights drown in the mud, crushed under the other French dead.

The clincher was when one of the charges actually reached the English lines; they could have turned the archers and lightly armoured infantry to sushi, and won the battle anyway, but instead headed for the baggage train to loot it, and gave the English time to reform and repulse them.

This is how you can take 5:1 numerical superiority, on home ground, and still lose. It is the only battle I can think of, where the losers probably would have won, if they had LESS men.


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chef de chambre
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posted 08-01-2005 07:50 PM     Profile for chef de chambre   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
You have oversimplified and probably misrepresented the English army. The core of the army was Men at Arms - fully plate armoured knights and esquires wielding pollaxes and other hafted weapons. There were about 1000 of them in the English host (out of the 6000 you list, on avearge 5 bowmen for every man at arms), and if they had not been present, the bowmen could not have stood. There is serious doubt that there were any other form of English infantry than bowmen, and that bowmen fought at clost quarters discarding their bows and picking up hand weapons, The evidence for English "billmen" prior to the early 16th century (at which time archery had notably degraded) is nearly non-existant.

It is important to note the English men at arms were not strictly footsoldiers, but were trained and prepared to fight on horseback as the French (if not quite so well, at this point - Bauge, 1421), and would have thought themselves of little to no account were they not prepared to do so.

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Bob R.


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Trollope
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posted 12-16-2007 12:01 PM     Profile for Trollope     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
More recent research on the numbers of the French army, at least research done by the Agincourt historian, Anne Currey, has found that the French did not out number the English as badly as has been represented. Her evidence is compelling and the numbers she has come up with is the French had 12,000 men and the English had 9,000. The French really had not expected to be fighting at Agincourt and had in fact made plans to fight Henry elsewhere, by Henry's agreement, Aubigny in Artois, days earlier. But after Henry agreed to this he moved off in the opposite direction. The French had a huge army assembling, not assembled, and since Henry renigged on the Aubigny fight, the French couldn't get messages to all the collecting armies and thus faced Henry with only those in close proximity to Agincourt. Even after the battle, Henry was still in some danger as many large groups of French soldiery were still roaming at large looking for the elusive battlefield.
Henry had about 7000 archers, and if you think about it, there is no way that he could have split the archers in half and put 3,500 on each side, as they would have been so crammed together that it would have rendered their bows and accuracy practically useless. So, sense would be that he'd have spread them out on the wings and within his men at arms.

Archers would be very effective at very close range, but do you think that they would risk getting a shot off at a charging fully armoured soldier if they were that close. They more than likely resorted to the hammers they had used to drive their stakes in the ground and or their swords. With the exception of the unarmoured rears of the French mounts, the French were pretty inpenetrable to the arrow storm reigning down on them, unless it was a lucky shot in a joint or eye slit. So I think that these are some factors for the French loss:
1. some fear/respect of the archers (whether or not arrows are penetrating, think of the psychological effect and deafening noise it would make)
-the archers were more lightly armoured if at all and thus more nimble in the rain soaked freshly plowed field and leather and cloth have more give in mud than steel.
-English archers had a name of fear that had been attached to them since 1346 at Crecy.
-archers had no hope of surviving if captured, so they fought in sheer desperation besides.

2. The English army had been a cohesive group on the march and fighting for many months. The French were made up of many different lords and noblemen who had really never fought or trained together and thus did not have the inner structure to support their frame.

3. Think of marching over a sopping wet field that was just churned up by advancing then terrorized fleeing warhorses, crashing through your ranks along with a hail storm of arrows and the fear that maybe just one of those arrows might slip through and kill you. Now add the fact that the mud is clinging to your shoes and greaves and since the steel is not porous (sp?) you get sucked in. Then figure the fatigue of advancing through that for over 400 yards and stepping over and fighting over fallen comrades, and wind up facing an enemy that has been resting, staying in one place awaiting your advance, all ready bolstered in confidence by turning the tide of a cavalry charge.

Okay, blah, blah, blah. I've said too much but that's my information.

[ 12-16-2007: Message edited by: Trollope ]

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Now is greater than the whole of the past.


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Bertus
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posted 12-16-2007 02:19 PM     Profile for Bertus     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
Also think of the poor horses of the French knights getting shot down by the hail of arrows. They would not have been protected as well as their masters by plate armour. If not shot down they would not have liked it to get shot somewhere. Think of the disrupting effect of numerous bolting horses.

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Bertus Brokamp


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chef de chambre
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posted 12-16-2007 02:48 PM     Profile for chef de chambre   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
True, but cavalry was not a great factor at Azincourt, the bulk of the French men-at-arms advanced on foot, a small cavalry reserve made a charge at one point.

What was surprising about the latter is that the protection for the horses had advanced to the point where the English were shocked to see them able to close. Presumably the small mounted reserve had more complete armour on their horses than was the previous case.

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Bob R.


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chef de chambre
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posted 12-16-2007 02:52 PM     Profile for chef de chambre   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
I should also add that the factor of the horses was a huge part of the much earlier battle of Crecy, with formations disrupted by arrow fire, panicking and bolting horses. Apparently a number of uninjured or lightly injured horses were so overwhelmed by the experience they literally lay down in their tracks, and refused to go forward - They just lay down and gave up. I saw a deer at a large (30,000 reenactors present) ACW battle reenactment, try to get away trapped between the lines, just lie down and give up, and literally she died of fright. Only blanks were fired, of course, but her senses were overwhelemd.

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Bob R.


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Rod Walker
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posted 12-16-2007 04:57 PM     Profile for Rod Walker   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
quote:
Originally posted by chef de chambre:
I saw a deer at a large (30,000 reenactors present) ACW battle reenactment, try to get away trapped between the lines, just lie down and give up, and literally she died of fright. Only blanks were fired, of course, but her senses were overwhelemd.

Did it end up in the pot?

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Cheers

Rod
www.jousting.com.au


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chef de chambre
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posted 12-16-2007 05:24 PM     Profile for chef de chambre   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
I don't know. Probably - there are so many deer in Pennsylvania that you drive long stretches in warm weather, and there is a deer strike every mile or so along the highway, and you pass from one stink-zone to another of decaying deer corpses. Anti-hunting lobbies in the US end up with deer populations the land can't supprort, deer rooting for garbage in long-established suburbs, etc.

We have a small herd hereabouts that keeps eating our shrubbery, and the housing is too dense to allow for legal hunting in most areas. People will say, we keep building houses in the deers natural environment, but this neighborhood has been here for more than 30 years. Basically, they have no natural predetors, and a strong anti-hunting lobby.

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Bob R.


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Guillaume de Channynge
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posted 12-16-2007 08:03 PM     Profile for Guillaume de Channynge     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
What you need is a deerhound chef!

Cheers

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Guillaume de Channynge


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chef de chambre
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posted 12-17-2007 07:06 AM     Profile for chef de chambre   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
In the North-Eastern US, to the best of my knowledge, you

1. Cannot hunt deer mounted (nor hunt a real fox mounted)

2. Cannot hunt deer with dogs

3. cannot hunt with a crossbow, unless a handicapped person in a wheelchair.

I could take a deer most weeks of the year shooting out of my kitchen window - but not legally.

[ 12-17-2007: Message edited by: chef de chambre ]

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Bob R.


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Dudicus
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posted 12-17-2007 04:21 PM     Profile for Dudicus   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
quote:
I could take a deer most weeks of the year shooting out of my kitchen window - but not legally

Awww, sure you could! Just sit in a chair and shoot with a crossbow! And those deer were fixin to break into your house for more food, anyway! XD

that is awful to hear about the deer at the ACW event, that must have been awkward to watch happen

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Andy V.
You're friendly neighborhood Roman Dude

www.andyvolpe.com
www.legioiiicyrenaica.org
www.wolfeargent.com


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chef de chambre
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posted 12-18-2007 01:04 PM     Profile for chef de chambre   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
It was awful to watch. I love animals, and even though deer are food animals (to me, anyway), the poor doe deserved a quicker, cleaner death than that.

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Bob R.


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Fire Stryker
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posted 12-19-2007 10:17 AM     Profile for Fire Stryker   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
Yes, we can hunt with a crossbow in NH, there are arrow head specs (not less than 7/8" to 1.5" broadhead), poundage (min. 125lb pull) specs, and length of stock (25").

I think you can only use "leashed" tracking dogs on limited large game in certain state owned areas. If you hunt on a private property, other rules apply.

I'm currently putting together a page for our web site.

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ad finem fidelis


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Fire Stryker
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posted 12-19-2007 10:18 AM     Profile for Fire Stryker   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
quote:
Originally posted by Guillaume de Channynge:
What you need is a deerhound chef!

Cheers


Whippet or IG's for bunnies, maybe a smooth coated saluki for big ticket critters.

Need something that will live at least 12 - 15 years.

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ad finem fidelis


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Guillaume de Channynge
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posted 12-19-2007 09:19 PM     Profile for Guillaume de Channynge     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
I reckon my big girl will stay around for 11-12 years. I will post some pics. Then see what you think!

Cheers

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Guillaume de Channynge


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Scott
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posted 01-07-2008 10:31 AM     Profile for Scott   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
what about a spear?

Is there prohibition against using a javilien of some kind in your yard


maybe break out the ole lawn darts

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I have no sig line


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chef de chambre
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posted 01-07-2008 02:29 PM     Profile for chef de chambre   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
I don't know, I will hjave to look it up. One was 35 yards from my kitchen yesterday afternoon (a Doe). I opened the slider door, her looking square at me, I called out "Hey Sweetie, want an Apple?", and she just stood there and looked at me with curiosity - not a jot of fear in her, and I closed the door, walked back inside, and she was still there looking at me as far as I could tell.

Somebody in the neighborhood must be feeding them - no favour to the deer, who are losing their fear of humans.

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Bob R.


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