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Author Topic: Early Gauntlets
Mart Shearer
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posted 08-25-2003 02:18 PM     Profile for Mart Shearer   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
I've already posted this on "75 Years" and "Arador", but thought I'd share here as well. Rigid hand protection is hard to find until the late 13th century whalebone (baleen) gauntlets, so I have always kept an eye open for any examples such as the scale covered mittens in the 'Vie et Miracles de St. Denis' of 1317, or the mittens shown in the 'Tickhill Psalter' of c.1300.. While reviewing Thordeman's writing on early gauntlet development I found this interesting citation:

"A representation of such a gauntlet from about 1290 is on the brass of Sir Richard Buslingthorpe..."

The Ashmolean updates the dating to circa 1335. Still, it amazed me to find an image of this cuff-less, early gauntlet available on-line.
http://www.churchmousewebsite.co.uk/buslingthorpe.htm

Any thought or comments?

Mart


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chef de chambre
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posted 08-25-2003 03:15 PM     Profile for chef de chambre   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
Very Cool Mart,

I wonder if it is truely cuffless, or if it would have a vestigial one at the wrist under the mail (close fitting, not flared obviously)

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Bob R.


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Reisläufer
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posted 08-25-2003 11:42 PM     Profile for Reisläufer     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
Perhaps it was a part of the maille, either lashed to the maille mitten proper or with a leather thong making the transition from maille to scale(see the "bands" between the maille and the scale)possibly connected in much the same way as an aventail to a basinet.

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Me oportet propter praeceptum te nocere


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Mart Shearer
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posted 08-26-2003 12:42 PM     Profile for Mart Shearer   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
Wisby gauntlet #1 also had no evidence of a cuff, but the Wisby example's plates were internal. Thordeman considered the #1 to be the most primitive (read oldest?) of the gauntlets found. Perhaps something along the lines of an armored golf glove?! I know that English effigies had to go through a major re-dating in the last decades, but other than the gantlets 1330 seems far to late for this. I presume Thordeman's 1290 date is closely tied to the knighs obit.
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Bertus
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posted 08-26-2003 03:03 PM     Profile for Bertus     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
"Thordeman considered the #1 to be the most primitive (read oldest?) of the gauntlets found."

I still have not received my copy of Thordemans Wisby book yet (grrr amazon) but I have recently read the article

Nørlund, Poul & Bengt Thordeman (1931), Panzerhandschuhe aus der Schlacht bei Wisby im Jahre 1361: Beitrag zur geschichte des mittelalterlichen rüstungswesens. Acta Archaeologica, volume 2, pp 53-92. Copenhagen: Levin & Munksgaard. ISSN: 0065-101X.

(if my memory serves me right
It says it would be unwise to put the different gauntlets found at wisby in a sort of chronological order, an order of evolution. Rather, it says, one should accept that these decades were a time of experimenting in which different types of gauntlets existed next to each other, 'primitive' and 'more modern'.

But then again, this article was published 8 years prior to the big book. So I don't know, maybe thoughts on the gauntlets changed in that period.
Damn, I want that book.

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Bertus Brokamp


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Bertus
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posted 08-27-2003 05:59 AM     Profile for Bertus     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
I totally forgot I still have a book from ILL lying around here that's titled:

The Earliest English Brasses; patronage, style and workshops 1270-1350
edited by John Coales, published by Monumental Brass Society in 1987

I quote from pages 153, 154 and 155:

Lincoln, York and Newcastle Brasses: 1300-1350
As well as the doubtful cases just described, there are several groups and isolated examples which are clearly of provincial origin. In so far as classification is yet possible, it suggests three centres of production in the north-east, and a scatter of small ill-defined workshops in southern and perhaps midland towns. For some of their products, the northern workshops continued to use distinctive non-standard alphabets of brass letters. Two practices which complicate analysis, however, are the occasional use of Main Group letters and a tendency to adopt lareg, florid alphabets based on Flemish models.
Brasses from Lincoln, unlike those from York and Newcastle, continue normally to be set in Purbeck slabs. During c. 1320-1335 they employ a new alphabet ('Lincolnshire Style B', Fig.196), the most distinctive feature of which is the heavy cross-bar on the top of letter 'A'. This alphabet is used at Linwood with a diminutive figure of a knight standing on a bracket, and at Buslingthorpe with a half-figure above a shield (Figs. 129, 183-4).25 It is doubtful whether 'Lincolnshire Style B' letters were in fact made at Lincoln, for the same alphabet occurs on indents in Yorkshire which seem more naturally attributable to a York origin (below, p.158). On the other hand, the use of large single lozengeshaped stops to seperate words seems confined to indents in Lincolnshire. Such stops occur on the Linwood and Buslingthorpe slabs, while their use on slightly later products reveals that around 1335-40 the Lincoln craftsmen started to buy standard letters. The freestone effigy at Buslingthorpe for Sir John de Buslingthorpe (died 1340-4) rests on a marble slab with an inscription in Main Group Size II letters using big single lozenge stops;26 the same combination occurs on a slab at Sleaford bearing the indent of a large shield,27 and on three fragments excavated at St.Pauls-in-the-Bail, Lincoln.28 So it seems that until the late 1330s Lincoln obtained its letters from a source similar to York; that thereafter it patronized the big Main Group supplier; but that it made its own lozenge-shaped stops througout.


So it seems the Ashmolean dating for the Buslingthorpe brass is after all correct.

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Bertus Brokamp


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Mart Shearer
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posted 08-27-2003 09:17 AM     Profile for Mart Shearer   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
Very useful information, Herman. Perhaps 1320-1335 gives me a bit more of a "comfort zone" which I find more acceptable than a harder figure toward the end of that range? Again, thank you.
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Mart Shearer
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posted 09-19-2003 02:06 AM     Profile for Mart Shearer   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
I hate to post a follow-up behind myself, but this seemed to be more of a continuation to "Early Gauntlets" rather than something deserving a new post.

I have been slowly exploring the KB's (the Hague) online catalog and found some early gauntlets c.1320-40. You can view the specific images by going here:
http://www.kb.nl/kb/manuscripts/search/index.html

You can either enter the shelf call number 71 A 23 and look for folios 144v. and folio 159v, or go to this function:
http://www.kb.nl/kb/manuscripts/browser/index.html

and look under the Biblical entries for the life of King David.

71 A 23 folio 144v. shows David and Goliath (being a French Bible, it is not surprising that Goliath is German). Goliath wears cuffed gautlets with multiple straps. These print a green hue compared to the mail's blue-gray, so I suspect linen. The buckles on the two wrist staps are clear.

7 A 23 fo.159v shows the hanging Absalom's hands covered in some sort of long plates colored blue-gray like the mail. I wonder if this isn't an attempt to portray something like the Buslingthorpe gauntlets.

Anyone with similar early-thirteenth century images is invited to share.

[ 09-19-2003: Message edited by: Mart Shearer ]


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Bertus
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posted 09-19-2003 04:22 PM     Profile for Bertus     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
Yeah I had noticed them too. Am currently slowly working my way through those manuscripts too.
It's really annoying that the large pics load so slow. I've e-mailed the KB if it would be possible to get me the large pics faster (maybe e-mail/ftp/cd-rom) instead of loading them one by one and saving them one by one to my harddisk. Haven't had any answer yet.
I still have 1/2 of the manuscripts to go, among which the one with the over 200 pics.

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Bertus Brokamp


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Mart Shearer
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posted 09-20-2003 12:46 AM     Profile for Mart Shearer   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message   Edit/Delete Post   Reply With Quote
That would be KA 20? Great battle scenes, the 14th century equal of the mass groups shown in Ee.3.59 in my opinion.
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